Ray Dalio is the Founder, Co-Chairman, and Co-Chief Investment Officer of Bridgewater Associates. He started the company out of his two-bedroom apartment in New York in 1975 and has been a global macro investor for more than 45 years. His industry-changing approaches to investing include the invention of risk parity, currency overlay, portable alpha, and global inflation-indexed bond management. Dalio is well known to have a very practical understanding of economics that varies significantly from conventional economic thinking.